Heat the Pan: Place a medium nonstick skillet over medium heat for about a minute to warm up.
Melt the Fat: Add the butter or oil. Swirl it to coat the bottom of the pan. If using butter, wait for the foam to subside, about 1 minute.
Crack the Eggs: Gently crack the eggs into the skillet, leaving space between them.
Season and Reduce Heat: As soon as the whites begin to lose their translucency (about 1 minute), turn the heat down to low.
Sprinkle the eggs with salt and pepper.
Cook Low and Slow: Cook gently until the whites are completely firm and opaque, which can take up to 5 minutes. The area right around the yolk will be the last to set. For sunny-side up, you're done!
For Over-Easy: If you prefer your eggs 'over-easy,' carefully slide a spatula under each egg and flip.
Cook for just 15-30 seconds more, then serve immediately.
Add a Veggie Protein Boost: Fry thinly sliced smoked tofu or mushrooms in the pan before adding the eggs for a more substantial meal.