Prep Your Greens: Finely dice the Swiss chard stems to about ¼ inch and roughly chop the leaves into ½ inch pieces.
Keeping them separate is key as they cook at different rates.
Temper the Spices (Tadka): Place the oil in a medium frying pan over medium-high heat.
Once the oil shimmers, add the asafetida. A moment later, add the mustard seeds. Be ready! As soon as the seeds begin to pop, immediately remove the pan from the heat and stir in the chopped garlic and green chilies to prevent them from burning.
Sauté the Stems: Return the pan to medium heat.
Add the diced chard stems and stir-fry for 2 minutes until they begin to soften.
Combine and Simmer: Stir in the turmeric until fragrant.
Add the mung bean sprouts, fresh cilantro, chard leaves, 6 tablespoons (90 ml / 3 fl oz) of water, and salt. Give everything a good stir to combine and bring the mixture to a simmer.
Gentle Cooking: Once simmering, reduce the heat to low, cover the pan, and let it cook gently for 20 minutes, allowing the flavors to meld and the sprouts to become tender.
Final Touches: Uncover the pan and stir in the fresh lime juice and sugar.
Taste and adjust the salt or lime juice as needed to achieve the perfect balance of savory, tangy, and sweet.
Serve warm.
Don't Overcrowd the Pan: Use a pan that's large enough to hold all the comfortably. This ensures the vegetables stir-fry rather than steam, developing better flavor.